Date of Award
Spring 5-15-2024
Document Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department
Chemistry
First Advisor
Dr. Ram K. Gupta
Second Advisor
Dr. Khamis Siam
Third Advisor
Dr. Anuradha Ghosh
Keywords
Bio-based foams, Fire suppression, Renewable sources, Physical properties, Morphological behavior, mechanical properties
Abstract
Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) are widely used materials in buildings, coolers, and refrigerators due to their good thermal insulation properties. They are also used in automobiles due to their low density, sound adsorption, and mechanical properties. However, most of the raw materials used for their production originate from non-renewable sources. Also, these polymers are susceptible to fire due to their porous structure. For that, it is important to incorporate bio-based materials to produce polyurethanes along with flame retardants (FRs) that can efficiently quench a fire and suppress the release of toxic fumes. Herein, soybean oil, henceforth referred to as vegetable oil (VO), was chemically modified to a vegetable oil polyol (VP) through epoxidation and ring-opening reactions which was further characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), viscosity, and hydroxyl value analysis. Also, nitrogen-phosphorus-based FR synthesized from diphenyl phosphinic acid (DPPA), and melamine (MA) was introduced. For comparison, three different types of FRs were used to make the RPUFs such as MA, dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP), and diphenyl phosphinic melamine salt (DPPMA). Increasing concentrations of the FRs were added to the RPUFs to evaluate their effect on their properties. The physical, thermal, morphological, mechanical, and FR properties of the RPUFs were evaluated. There was a considerable decrease in the horizontal burning time as the control foam (foam without FRs) burnt for 62 seconds whereas after the addition of 23.75 wt.% (12 grams) of MA or DMMP, separately, the burning time decreased to 7 and 1 seconds, respectively. Upon the addition of 19.54 wt.% (12 grams) of DPPMA, the burning time decreased to 15 seconds.
Recommended Citation
Chaudhari, Janvi, "EFFECTS OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHOROUS, AND NITROGEN-PHOSPHOROUS-BASED FLAME RETARDANTS ON PROPERTIES OF BIO-BASED POLYURETHANE FOAM" (2024). Electronic Theses & Dissertations. 516.
https://digitalcommons.pittstate.edu/etd/516
