Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-17-2024

Abstract

Over the past few decades, polymer composites have received significant interest and become a protagonist due to their enhanced properties and wide range of applications. Herein, we investigated the effect of filler and flame-retardant on the properties of polyurethane foams prepared using hemp seed oil (HSO). Firstly, the HSO was converted into the corresponding epoxy analog with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide, followed by a ring-opening reaction with methanol to construct hemp bio-polyols which was characterized by FT-IR, hydroxyl, and acid values experiment. Synthesized hemp polyol was reacted with diisocyanate in the presence of commercial polyols and other foaming components to produce rigid polyurethane foams. In addition, different fillers like microcrystalline cellulose (90 μm particle size), alkaline lignin, titanium dioxide, and melamine as a flame-retardant were used in different wt.% ratio to fabricate composite foam. The mechanical characteristics, thermal behavior, apparent density, cellular morphology, flammability, and closed cell content of the generated foams were examined. Initial screening of different fillers reveals that cellulose improves mechanical strength up to 260 kPa at 20% yield strength. The effect of melamine flame-retardant in composite foam was also examined which shows the highest compression strength of 340 kPa and all the composite foam has over 90% of closed cell content. The presence of melamine reduced the flammability of the prepared foams. The foam containing 15 gm of melamine showed a reduced burning time of 4.1 seconds and weight loss of 1.88%.

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