Date of Award
Spring 5-10-2024
Document Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department
Chemistry
First Advisor
Dr. Ram K Gupta
Second Advisor
Dr. Khamis Siam
Third Advisor
Dr. Anuradha Ghosh
Keywords
polyurethane, composite, hemp oil, polyol, fillers
Abstract
Over the past few decades, polymer composites have been receiving significant interest and become a protagonist due to their enhanced properties and wide range of applications. Herein, the study has been done on the effect of filler and flame-retardant in hemp seed oil-based rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) composite performance. First of all, hemp seed oil (HSO) was gone through an epoxidation process using hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid. After that, epoxidized hemp-seed oil (EHSO) was converted into hemp polyol (HSOP) by a ring-opening reaction with methanol. The synthesized HSOP was then reacted with diisocyanate monomer in the presence of commercial polyol and other foaming components to produce RPUFs in a single step. In addition, different fillers like microcrystalline cellulose, alkaline lignin, titanium dioxide, and melamine (as a flame-retardant) were used in different wt.% to fabricate composite foam. The mechanical characteristics, thermal degradation behavior, cellular morphology, apparent density, flammability, and closed cell content of the generated foams were examined. The initial screening of different fillers revealed that 2 gm (3.65 wt.%) loaded microcrystalline cellulose gives a higher mechanical strength of 318 kPa in comparison to the control sample of about 302 kPa. Afterward, the effect of melamine, flame-retardant in composite foam was also examined, whereas 15 gm (22.15 wt.%) filled melamine composite foam showed the highest compression strength of 447 kPa. Furthermore, composite foams showed an apparent density of 30-54 kg/m3 and a closed cell content of up to 90%. In the horizontal burning test, the neat composite foam observed 76.1 s of burning time and 52.60 wt.% of weight loss. The use of 22.15 wt.% melamine, a flame-retardant with a weight loss of 1.88 wt.% and the lowest burning time of 4.1 s, demonstrated higher anti-flaming properties than neat composite foam.
Recommended Citation
ahir, mansi, "HEMP-SEED OIL-BASED POLYURETHANE COMPOSITE FOAM: EFFECT OF FILLERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF POLYURETHANES" (2024). Electronic Theses & Dissertations. 724.
https://digitalcommons.pittstate.edu/etd/724
