Date of Award
Spring 5-10-2024
Document Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department
Chemistry
First Advisor
Dr. Ram. K Gupta
Second Advisor
Dr. Khamis Siam
Third Advisor
Dr. John. Franklin
Keywords
Bio-Based, Polymer, Polyurethane, Foams, Hemp Seed Oil, Flame retardants
Abstract
In today's world, the idea is to synthesize bio-based polyurethane (PU) goods, which reduces reliance on petroleum-based products. As a result, we produced polyol from hemp seed oil (HSO) and evaluated it using FTIR, GPC, hydroxyl value, and acid value. Hemp seed oil polyol (HSOP) was successfully synthesized and combined with additional ingredients such as catalysts, blowing agents, hardeners, and flame-retardant chemicals to produce stiff polyurethane foams. The focus of this research was to synthesize high-quality flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) through the addition of flame retardants. The test results revealed that the HSO-based PU without flame retardants has 47.04 kg/m3 of apparent density, 92% closed cell content, and a compression strength of 252 kPa.
Regardless of the addition of flame retardants, the shape of the free-rise foams maintained their structure, suggesting that there is acceptable compatibility between the flame retardants and hemp oil-based polyurethane matrix.The physicochemical and mechanical properties, cell morphology, and thermal stability results further confirmed this observation. The majority of the RPUF presented a closed-cell content greater than 92%. Also, a considerable improvement in flame retardancy was observed as the neat HSO-based RPUF had a burning time of 110 seconds and a weight loss of 82%. Yet, the addition of 10 wt% of triethyl phosphate (TEP) reduced to 19 seconds and 5%, respectively. The addition of other two flame retardants, dimethyl methyl phosphate (DMMP) and expandable graphite (EG), also showed similar trends with flame retardancy and mechanical properties. As a result, our research on the manufacture of biobased RPUFs was successful.
Recommended Citation
Jariwala, Sagar, "BIO-BASED RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAMS USING MODIFIED HEMP SEED OIL COMBINED WITH FLAME RETARDANTS" (2024). Electronic Theses & Dissertations. 518.
https://digitalcommons.pittstate.edu/etd/518
