Date of Award

5-1969

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

First Advisor

Dr. Mary M. Roberts

Keywords

Red Cloud (1822-1909), Oratory

Abstract

Red Cloud, chief of the Oglala Sioux, was the foremost leader of the fight against white encroachment of Indian terri­tory during the 25 years following the Civil War.

During the period between 1865 and 1889, Red Cloud attempted, through his speechmaking, to deter the government from its objective. His speaking career can be divided into two periods: his early speaking which found him relatively conciliatory in negotiations with the government and his later speaking, in which he showed an unwillingness to negotiate peace terms.

The writer has analyzed the persuasive speaking of Red Cloud according to changes in his approach during the two periods in means of establishing identification and in the use of ethical, logical, and emotional appeals.

Although his attempts ultimately failed, he continued to command the respect of his own people and of the government. Much of his force as a leader arose from his sense of responsi­bility for the destiny of his people and from the fact that their best interests were always the theme of his oratorical presen­tations.

The chief sources used were records located in the National Archives and Record Service, Washington, D.C., and the South Dakota Historical Society, Pierre, South Dakota and copies of the New York Times, June 8, 1870 to October 3, 1877, and the New York Herald, June 1, 1870 to September 23, 1876, all of which furnished texts of the speeches and data about the occasions.

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